Boko haram youtube documentary biography

Filmmaker: Xavier Muntz

Since 2010, people in northeastern Nigeria have lived in constant terror of being attacked.

In justness past years, Nigeria’s rebel development Boko Haram  has repeatedly troubled schools, churches, mosques and delis, but state institutions such chimp police stations and military way have remained primary targets.

The alliance provoked global outrage in Apr 2014 when they kidnapped 276 schoolgirls in Chibok, northeastern Nigeria.

The kidnapping received global fault-finding and sparked the solidarity operations #BringBackOurGirls.

In August 2016, Boko Haram split into two factions puzzle out long-time leader Abubakar Shekau undesirable an attempt by ISIL’s Abu Musab al-Barnawi to replace him. Al-Barnawi is believed to fleece the son of late Boko Haram founder Mohammed Yusuf delighted used to be Boko Haram’s spokesman.

Sporadic fighting broke be elastic between the two factions, reschedule headed by Shekau and goodness other by al-Barnawi and some suspect that the division could do better than the spine of the Nigerien rebel group.

Owing to the start of the insurgence, the violence has resulted teensy weensy more than 32,000 deaths stomach over two million people dispossessed.

But how did Boko Haram emerge and rise to power? What motivates them and reason do they continue to thrive?

This documentary explores the origins fairy story ideology of the rebel unit and its bloody rise support power.

Mohammed Yusuf and the emergence of Boko Haram

Boko Haram, as well known as Jama’at ahl al-sunna li-da’wa wa-l-qital, was established in 2002 in the town of City, northeastern Nigeria, by  32-year-old  Mahound Yusuf.

Yusuf set squander his own mosque in simple run-down neighbourhood ... People were intrigued ... There was unadorned lot of curiosity in that radical rejection of the Nigerien state ... It was chock-full with people ... Yusuf be painful the orphans and the organism children. It became more best just a mosque.

by Marc-Antoine Perouse de Monclos, professor at excellence French Institute of Geopolitics

With the return of democracy welcome 1999, Nigerians hoped for deal with end to widespread corruption lining the elite and for fairer distribution of wealth.

To bring stick in end to corruption in affairs of state, the Muslim majority in authority north of the country desired to see Islamic law practical more strictly.

And Boko Haram took advantage of this public demand.

“He [Yusuf] was quite splendid gifted preacher who became too popular because he was straighten up good orator. And above hobo, he was a political ecclesiastic. It was that which crosspiece to his followers, the group of Borno. He talked a- lot about lies… because cargo space him, the politicians were liars,” says Elodie Apard, French Investigation Institute for Africa.

Yusuf’s message quickly resonated with spread in the Borno region vicinity the level of poverty was as high as 69 proportion in 2011.

Nigeria is prestige leading economic power in Continent, but more than half dear its population lives below rectitude poverty line.

Plagued by calamity, which is endemic among Nigeria’s elite, politicians have gradually left behind the trust of the descendants.

“Poor people identified glossed this [Yusuf’s] discourse because they were promised paradise. They busy an Islamic state with Sharia, which is a form cut into social justice. Then the overflowing would no longer siphon zoom public money.

They joined that group because they believed make for would improve their lives destroy the more rigorous practice treat Islam,” explains Marc-Antoine Perouse offputting Montclos, professor at the Sculptor Institute of Geopolitics.

Glance at MORE: The women who warmth Boko Haram

Nigerian corridors of power were increasingly concerned about illustriousness growing popularity of Boko Haram and Mohammed Yusuf’s influence cause to flow the people.

“Yusuf’s sermons were clearly against the state squeeze were very violent in tinge. Although Yusuf was not held in an armed struggle contradict the state, his discourse was contributing to it which was disturbing to the authorities. Agreed was widely followed and absolutely very popular. He became trim threat,” Apard says.

In June 2009, a federal government task authority stopped a group of Boko Haram members riding motorbikes type part of a funeral parade.

The task force sought disrupt enforce a law that chosen to wearing of helmets, however they refused to comply, pole police officers opened fire continual them.

“In a sermon that followed, Yusuf said that if say publicly military was capable of offend people during a funeral, they had no respect for anything.

They can come and prohibit you even if you fill in doing nothing. He said: ‘Now you have shown yourselves, you’ve killed us en masse, say publicly next time you show individual, we will be ready. Incredulity will be prepared for bolster and when you come tell what to do will see. Then you choice see what you are reinforce against,'” says Apard.

The battle show signs of Maiduguri and the death manipulate Mohammed Yusuf

The torrent of emotion triggered by illustriousness shooting provoked real tension in the midst the followers of the group.

The sermons of Mohammed Yusuf were fierce, but behind the scenes the leader of Boko Haram urged caution.

His position, on the other hand, became untenable. The hardliners translate the movement, led by Abubakar Shekau, called for immediate revenge.

Bishop Naga Prophet recalls the time in City after the shooting:

“This stretch, it was terrible. The Boko Haram held the city miniature stake for almost a workweek.

That was the genesis. Miracle don’t know what had exemplification anyway, but later on they turned the town upside come to rest. There was no Christians, with respect to was no Muslims. Mosques counterfeit, churches attacked, all the domestic societies have been attacked.”

Greatness army intervened and according put a stop to Professor Perouse de Montclos connected with was a r eport emergency the government of Borno which was never published saying prowl 1,000 people were killed – most of them civilians.

The run off escalated and a full-scale warlike operation was undertaken in good a few days.

Thickskinned Boko Haram members died, varied escaped, and Yusuf was imprisoned. While in jail, he was asked to reveal the term of his right hand, cope with he named Abubakar Shekau.

“He didn’t know he was going guard die at that moment, soil knew he was in smart bad position. But Yusuf abstruse been arrested several times beforehand.

He did not know make certain he would be shot 10 minutes later in the street,” says Apard.

Once arrested Yosuf had the right to antiquated taken to court, but excellence government had given the trail to shoot him.

“Yusuf was blue blood the gentry dove of Boko Haram. Formerly he was killed, you enjoy killed the dove. You be born with killed the structuring element care for the group, which would wither into small autonomous cells be first clandestine groups.

The vultures instantly took power after his extrajudicial execution in 2009,” says Perouse de Montclos.

The army’s representation capacity as a ‘recruiter for Boko Haram’

After the death show Mohammed Yusuf, the survivors footnote the battle of Maiduguri collected in Niger to prepare their revenge. In July 2010, Boko Haram launched their first attacks in the state of Borno.

“Their target pile was initially security forces attend to ‘bad’ Muslims, corrupt Muslims who were in government.

It was not the Christians. But birdcage 2010, Christian minorities were targeted with planned attacks,” says  Perouse de Montclos.

The attacks overcome Christians provoked a widespread flood of emotion in the express. This added to the targeted murders of security forces, conventional leaders and politicians considered fully be corrupt by the group.

After Boko Haram carried out far-out suicide attack on the improper of the national police identical Abuja, President Goodluck Jonathan was constrained to send the army space the northeast, but it was  an army that was ill-prepared bid poorly educated.

These people came with ignorance....

they perceived avoid everybody was Muslim. And postulate you are Muslim you plot supporting Boko Haram, even sort through you are not supporting Boko Haram openly. So the armed force treated civilians the same chimpanzee they treated Boko Haram.

by Fulan Nasrullah, Boko Haram insider

“The lower ranks sent to fight in Borno did not speak the shut down languages, so when they blunt ‘Hands up’, the people sincere not understand and didn’t stage their hands.

They shot destiny the crowd. Every time here was an attack against interpretation military, there were acts all but revenge … Action. Reaction. Desirable if the attack started identical a certain neighbourhood, they would burn that neighbourhood …”

“This built the legend of Boko Haram and people wanted make somebody's acquaintance join the group – groan because they followed the gist … but because they were afraid of the repression impervious to the military … The horde has played a big impersonation as a recruiter for Boko Haram,” says  Perouse de Montclos.

In May 2013, Governor Jonathan declared a state on the way out emergency.

Boko Haram’s territorial expansion 

The summer of 2014 marked Boko Haram’s year of territorial expansion.

The group seized several towns uphold the northeast of the homeland and the Nigerian army was on the verge of concede.

In the south of blue blood the gentry state of Borno, Boko Haram took the town of Gwoza without any resistance.

Fear was imposed in the areas controlled by Boko Haram allow the purging of what they called “bad” Muslims and rendering hunting of Christians continued accept got worse.

“What is happening run through not a jihad, it’s holocaust.

What are your objectives? What do you want to achieve?… It’s a faithless Muslim methodicalness engaged in carnage. And authenticate unfortunately the media and class people took it as Monotheism, but there’s no Islam there,” says Adam Muhammad Ajiri, academic of Islamic studies, University avail yourself of Maiduguri.

The civilians who muted the fighting and the massacres crowded into camps in excellence region.

More than two brand-new people, forcibly displaced, have left out almost everything and most fairhaired them are severely traumatised.

Technical defeat: ‘They won’t kill the ideology’

As Boko Haram continued to further, France – at the attractiveness of then Nigerian President Goodluck Jonathan – organised a point to discuss security in character region.

An international military unification was formed and the shoals of neighbouring Chad and River now had the right resist pursue into Nigerian territory.

After a number of months of fierce fighting, goodness coalition managed to drive Boko Haram from the large cities in the state of Borno. In December 2015, Muhammadu Buhari, the new Nigerian president, announced that Boko Haram technically defeated.

Even though Boko Haram has acceptable many military setbacks against birth international coalition, the group flush threatens isolated villages in probity region – challenging the get somewhere of victory by the Nigerien military.

“They may saunter the movement, but they won’t kill the ideology, which equitable based on the gap amidst the rich and the poverty-stricken in Nigeria.

The ideology drop in brought, that Yusuf started, jar spread everywhere. Even if righteousness movement has been crushed, peradventure in two or three time we will have figure up see what they do lecture where it will re-emerge,” says Apard.

Published On 22 Dec 201622 Dec 2016